Gardening requires not only patience but also perfect timing. Every plant has its ideal season and month to be sown. That’s why the question "What to plant in each month?" is essential for both hobbyist and professional gardeners. Cem Botanik’s planting calendar offers a practical guide to help you decide which vegetables, herbs, or flowers to plant month by month.
Planting at the right time:
Supports healthy plant growth
Increases yield
Reduces risk of disease and frost damage
Optimizes watering and maintenance needs
So, in addition to choosing the right plant, you should also consider which month to plant it.
Although gardening activity slows in midwinter, some hardy species can still be sown:
Lettuce
Spinach
Chard
Onion seeds (indoors or in greenhouses)
In colder regions, this is a good time for indoor seedling preparation.
As winter nears its end, it’s time to prepare seedlings:
Tomato and pepper seeds (indoors/greenhouse)
Prepare potato tubers
Peas and fava beans (in mild climates) can be sown directly
The gardening season truly begins! So, what to plant in March?
Lettuce, arugula, cress, carrots, radish
Spinach, peas, fava beans
Potato planting
Flowers: Petunia, marigold, pansy
March is ideal for direct outdoor planting.
What to plant in April? It’s time to move seedlings outdoors:
Tomato, pepper, cucumber seedlings
Zucchini, beans, corn
Sunflowers, lavender, basil
Ornamental flowers: Geraniums, begonias
Soil is warm enough for direct sowing.
What to plant in May? This is one of the most productive months:
All summer vegetables (eggplant, melon, watermelon)
Herbs like basil, thyme, mint
Zinnia, cockscomb, dahlias
All frost-sensitive plants can now be safely planted.
Early summer brings high soil temperatures:
Corn, beans, zucchini, cucumbers (late planting)
Warm-season flower seeds
Fresh herbs: Dill, arugula, parsley
Pay special attention to consistent watering.
Temperatures peak, so heat-tolerant species are key:
Cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower (for autumn harvest)
Late spinach, lettuce, radish
Sunflowers and prep for winter crops
Late summer marks the beginning of a second planting phase:
Fall greens: Spinach, lettuce, cress
Transplant cabbage and broccoli seedlings
Radish, chard, carrots for winter
August is a transitional month in any monthly planting guide.
Autumn approaches, but warm soil still allows planting:
Carrot, radish, spinach, arugula, chard
Garlic and onions
Fall flowers: Pansies, chrysanthemums
Hardy winter vegetables
Garlic, onions, fava beans
Tulip and hyacinth bulbs
Greenhouse seedling prep begins
Time to prepare for winter:
Onion, garlic, fava beans
Indoor sowing of lettuce, arugula
Plant ornamental flower bulbs
Take protective measures against cold temperatures.
Fewer planting activities, but still possible:
Lettuce, cress (indoors or under cover)
Start prepping spring seedlings
Great time for tree planting
| Month | Vegetables / Plants |
|---|---|
| January | Lettuce, chard, spinach (indoors) |
| February | Tomato, pepper (seedlings), peas, fava beans |
| March | Carrots, radish, lettuce, potatoes |
| April | Tomatoes, zucchini, beans, geraniums |
| May | Melon, watermelon, basil, dahlias |
| June | Beans, corn, dill |
| July | Cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower |
| August | Spinach, carrots, cabbage |
| September | Chard, arugula, pansy |
| October | Garlic, fava beans, tulips |
| November | Lettuce, onions, chrysanthemums |
| December | Lettuce (indoors), seedling prep |
A monthly planting guide is essential for a productive garden. Whether you’re gardening as a hobby or growing crops professionally, knowing the right time to sow each plant will greatly increase your success.
If you're wondering what to plant in March, what to plant in April, or what to plant in May, Cem Botanik is here with expert tips and seasonal guidance!
